人类指甲的显微结构观察与分析

Observation and Analysis of Microstructure of Human Fingernails

中文关键词:  显微结构  指甲  形貌分析

英文关键词:microstructure  human nails  morphology analysis

中文摘要:

      指甲诊断作为一种传统的中医诊断方法,在现代医疗方面有一定的局限性. 采用数码显微镜和扫描电子显微镜对正常指甲、宽大指甲、凹陷扁平指甲、平直指甲等9种指甲进行微观化研究,从不同的显微结构形态得出3点结论:(1)正常指甲的甲小皮组织为平滑、密实的板层结构,层叠生长,层间间隙小,未见有缺损或孔洞的存在;异常指甲为破损的板层结构,板层间空隙较大,表面不光滑,局部有孔洞或团粒状结构. (2)从扫描电镜得到二次电子信号图像的强弱可以间接的推断指甲所含原子序数小于20的金属微量元素的高低. (3) 将指甲的微观结构与宏观望甲诊断结合起来,优势互补,取长补短. 通过指甲的宏观与微观特点差异的对比,对各类指甲进行综合分析,更准确的推断人体的健康状况,对中医"甲诊"的发展具有重要意义.

英文摘要:

      Nails diagnosis as a kind of traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis method has its limitations in modern healthcare. Using a digital microscope and a scanning electron microscope(SEM), nine different kinds of human nails, such as normal nails, wide nails, sunken flat nails, narrow strip nails, are studied. From the different microstructure morphologies of nails, three conclusions are drawn. First, the nail cuticle tissues of normal nails have a smooth and dense lamellar structure, with a laminated growth, a small interlayer gap and no defects or holes. While those of abnormal nails, have a damaged lamellar structure, which has a large interlayer gap and a rough surface with local holes or granular structure. Second, the secondary electronic signal images obtained from the SEM can indirectly infer the level of metal trace elements with atomic number less than 20 in nails. Third, combining the microstructure of nails and the macroscopic nail diagnosis, we can make their respective advantages complementary to each other and make the best of them both. Through the comparison of macro and micro characteristics of different nails, the feature of different kinds of nails can be analysed comprehensively, and through the analysis of all kinds of nails, we can infer the health of human body's more accurately. It is of great significance to the development of TCM "Nail Diagnosis".